These so-called “disposable agents” are tasked with photographing critical infrastructure, gathering information, and carrying out deliberate acts of vandalism. Security officials explained how easily such individuals can be recruited, what methods are used to lure them, and what consequences they may face.
The Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA), the Federal Intelligence Service (BND), and the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) have launched an awareness campaign titled “Don’t Become a Disposable Agent” to warn against these recruitment attempts. According to investigators, many people approached online do not realize they are being targeted by a foreign intelligence service through platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, or TikTok.
Holger Münch, President of the BKA, stressed:
“Disposable agents are recruited with small sums of money and sometimes with the promise of adventure. But anyone who commits crimes on behalf of a foreign intelligence service must expect severe consequences.”
Acting as an agent can carry a prison sentence of up to ten years in serious cases. According to the BKA, multiple investigations are currently underway involving arson, vandalism, drone flights, and suspicious photo and video recordings. The disposable agents have no intelligence training and are primarily instructed to target critical infrastructure such as energy supplies, transportation routes, military facilities, and the defense industry.
Sinan Selen, Vice President of the BfV, said:
“Foreign states threaten our democracy and our security by exploiting careless and untrained disposable agents who are only after quick money and are recruited through social media and messaging services.”
One security officer described the Russian services’ approach:
“Intelligence operatives scour social media, watching what German users post on Instagram, TikTok, or messaging apps. When content appears anti-government, anti-NATO, pro-Russian, or anti-Ukrainian, they make seemingly harmless contact. They ask about views on German politics, dissatisfaction with the government, criminal intent, or a desire for adventure. Soon after, a few hundred euros are offered to commit arson or vandalism—actions that amount to sabotage.”
In some cases, those recruited do not even realize they are committing illegal acts. For example, individuals who post drone footage may be asked to take additional aerial photos in exchange for payment, supposedly because the recruiter “does not have a drone with a good camera.” In reality, such images often unintentionally capture militarily sensitive transport routes or potential targets for attacks.
Foreign intelligence services aim to gain insights into barracks, military equipment, and weaknesses in transport infrastructure. Their broader goal is to weaken the operational readiness of the German armed forces and create psychological effects within society.
Bruno Kahl, President of the BND, emphasized:
“Sabotage, espionage, and propaganda by foreign intelligence services deliberately undermine the stability of free societies. They are an attack on our democracy, carried out through deception, intimidation, and subversion.”
According to the BKA, the clear objective of these foreign services is to destabilize Germany with the help of local collaborators—allowing them to avoid getting their own hands dirty. Thanks to online anonymity, the masterminds can cover their tracks, leaving almost exclusively the individuals carrying out the crimes in Germany to face prosecution. This is why they are called “disposable agents” or “low-level agents”: they are used as long as they are useful and then discarded.
(Source: Bild)
